Identifying the Factors Affecting the Tendency Toward Early Retirement for Behavioral Analysis Modeling of Social Security Organization Employees

Abstract

Over the past decade, the tendency toward early retirement has been increasing among employees at various stages of their work histories. This issue, which is shaped by causal, central, and contextual–environmental factors, constitutes a significant risk that has had adverse consequences for the political, economic, and social climate of society. Policymakers and decision-makers should therefore pay particular attention to it. Accordingly, the present study is an applied, descriptive survey study that, by adapting and drawing on grounded theory, identifies the influential factors and designs a model of the tendency toward early retirement among Social Security employees in Qazvin Province. Based on Morgan’s table for a finite population, 190 individuals were selected as the statistical sample through a combined sampling method incorporating convenience sampling. A 32-item questionnaire based on a Likert scale was used to collect the data, and the collected data were analyzed with SPSS and Smart-PLS software in two parts, descriptive and inferential. The results showed that the constituent components, namely the causal factors, lead to the emergence of the central phenomenon, and the components of this phenomenon in turn inevitably give rise to strategies adopted by employees, which are themselves influenced by contextual and environmental factors. Taken together, these cause-and-effect relationships, along the path that begins with the causal factors and ends in the consequences, yield a model that represents the factors and the relationships among the components and categories.